{"id":4372,"date":"2018-07-30T04:29:44","date_gmt":"2018-07-30T07:29:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/austrinus.com\/auto-draft\/"},"modified":"2025-01-17T05:11:36","modified_gmt":"2025-01-17T08:11:36","slug":"coordenadas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/coordenadas\/","title":{"rendered":"Astronomical coordinates"},"content":{"rendered":"

The amateur practices observational astronomy by recording data in detail. To do this, it is essential to know how to scrutinize the sky, using basic notions of celestial orientation. It is necessary to keep track of the observations and, if possible, also a graphic record (drawings or photographs). It is not essential to have a telescope or binoculars, although many people use them for their observations. Observation is preferably practiced in dark places and far from light pollution, such as the desert or the countryside, but your backyard can also be your home!operations center<\/em>\u00ab! The basic notions of celestial orientation to consider are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Horizontal coordinates.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are a first coordinate system, in relation to the observer's horizon and its vertical. That is, they depend entirely on the observer, since they will not be the same for those located at different points on the Earth; Here they especially highlight the azimuth<\/strong> and the height<\/strong>, which are measured in degrees. Compare the lateral graph with its respective explanation in the table you see below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Where:<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
c<\/strong>
It is a point on the earth's surface where the OBSERVER is located.<\/td>		Is he\u00a0LIGHTWEIGHT POLE\u00a0<\/strong>corresponding to the hemisphere where the observer is<\/td>P'<\/strong>
It is the CELESTIAL POLE corresponding to the hemisphere opposite to the observer<\/td><\/tr>
N,S,E,W<\/strong>
They are the cardinal points NORTH, SOUTH, EAST and WEST.<\/td>		Z<\/strong>
It is the ZENIT, the point exactly above the observer's head (90\u00ba)<\/td>		Z'<\/strong>
It is the NADIR, the point opposite the zenith below the observer's feet.<\/td><\/tr>
x<\/strong>
It is an ASTROany located in the celestial vault<\/td>		C.X.<\/strong>
It is the DIRECTION from the observer towards the star<\/td>		CX'<\/strong>
It is the PROJECTION of this direction in the plane of the horizon<\/td><\/tr>
Angle XCX'\/ Arc XX'<\/strong>
It is the HEIGHT of the star, that is, the vertical arc counted from the horizon to the star.<\/td>		SCX' angle<\/strong>
It is the AZIMUT of the star, that is, the angle above the horizon formed by the south cardinal point and the vertical projection of the star above the horizon (CX')<\/td>		<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Height and azimuth in context<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Based on the following images, let's imagine that by means of height, we will section the sky at 90\u00b0, starting from a horizon (0\u00ba), with the zenith as the highest point (90\u00ba<\/strong>). Meanwhile, through the azimuth, we section the horizons into 360\u00ba<\/strong>, assuming the set as a circle that will be equivalent to 0\u00ba to N, 90\u00ba to E, 180\u00ba to S and 270\u00ba to W<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

When associating the height and azimuth to an arc (section of a circle), we divide the degrees that compose them into minutes and seconds of arc, the parts that make up their most basic units to section the sky, where: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u00ba (degree) = 60' (minutes of arc) > 1' = 60'' (seconds of arc)1\u00ba (degree) = 60' (minutes of arc) > 1' = 60'' (seconds of arc)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Equatorial coordinates<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

They are a coordinate system that is used to determine the position of a star in the sky. Its main components are the decline<\/strong> and the right ascension<\/strong>, widely used in professional and amateur astronomy to quickly locate celestial objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Equatorial coordinates are not linked to the geographic location of the observer, as is the case with horizontal coordinates. This is because the declination and right ascension have the celestial vault as a reference, where the references of the vernal equinox and the celestial equator do not vary, regardless of the location. geographical.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Declension (Dec)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is the angular distance formed by a star with the celestial equator; it can be said that it is analogous to the geographic latitude. They are lines parallel to the equator, which are measured in degrees (\u00ba), minutes (') and seconds (\u00bb) of arc. The celestial equator corresponds to a declination of 0\u00ba, the North celestial pole of +90\u00ba and the South celestial pole of -90\u00ba (note that the declinations for the Northern hemisphere are positive and those for the Southern hemisphere are negative).<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Right Ascension (RA)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is the angle, measured on the celestial equator, between the Vernal Point and the meridian that passes through the observed object; It can be said that it is analogous to geographical longitude. They are lines perpendicular to the Equator, which are measured in Hours (h), Minutes (m) and Seconds (s) of sidereal time. The count begins from the Vernal Point (0h) towards the East, until completing 24h.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

As can be deduced from the graphs shown below, by imaginatively capturing the equatorial coordinates in the sky (for example, on a star chart with the assistance of planetarium software), the lines of declination would be comparable to lines of geographical latitude<\/em>; instead, the lines of right ascension would be comparable to geographic longitude<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The amateur practices observational astronomy by painstakingly recording data. To do this, it is essential to know how to scrutinize the sky, using basic notions of celestial orientation. It is necessary to keep track of the observations and, if possible, also a graphic record (drawings or photographs). It is not essential to have a telescope or binoculars, although many people do\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[91,92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomia-posicion","category-orientacion-celeste"],"magazineBlocksPostFeaturedMedia":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-150x150.png","medium":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-300x169.png","medium_large":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-768x432.png","large":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-1024x576.png","1536x1536":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png","2048x2048":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png","trp-custom-language-flag":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png"},"magazineBlocksPostAuthor":{"name":"Farid","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/57e8aa07b0d16e13c8408ea413c009fc7da05f4cbb36da0d568b4235b1eaee6b?s=96&r=g"},"magazineBlocksPostCommentsNumber":false,"magazineBlocksPostExcerpt":"El aficionado practica la astronom\u00eda observacional registrando datos minuciosamente. Para ello es indispensable saber escudri\u00f1ar el cielo, mediante nociones b\u00e1sicas de orientaci\u00f3n celeste. Se precisa llevar un seguimiento de las observaciones y si fuera posible, tambi\u00e9n un registro gr\u00e1fico (dibujos o fotograf\u00edas). No es indispensable contar con un telescopio o binoculares, aunque muchas personas los…","magazineBlocksPostCategories":["Astronom\u00eda de posici\u00f3n","Orientaci\u00f3n celeste"],"magazineBlocksPostViewCount":1267,"magazineBlocksPostReadTime":5,"magazine_blocks_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png",1200,675,false],"medium":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-300x169.png",300,169,true],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-150x150.png",150,150,true]},"magazine_blocks_author":{"display_name":"Farid","author_link":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/author\/farid\/"},"magazine_blocks_comment":0,"magazine_blocks_author_image":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/57e8aa07b0d16e13c8408ea413c009fc7da05f4cbb36da0d568b4235b1eaee6b?s=96&r=g","magazine_blocks_category":"Astronom\u00eda de posici\u00f3n<\/a> Orientaci\u00f3n celeste<\/a>","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png",1200,675,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-300x169.png",300,169,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-768x432.png",640,360,true],"large":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system-1024x576.png",640,360,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png",1200,675,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png",1200,675,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/horizontal-coordinate-system.png",18,10,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Farid","author_link":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/author\/farid\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"El aficionado practica la astronom\u00eda observacional registrando datos minuciosamente. Para ello es indispensable saber escudri\u00f1ar el cielo, mediante nociones b\u00e1sicas de orientaci\u00f3n celeste. Se precisa llevar un seguimiento de las observaciones y si fuera posible, tambi\u00e9n un registro gr\u00e1fico (dibujos o fotograf\u00edas). No es indispensable contar con un telescopio o binoculares, aunque muchas personas los…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4372"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4372\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6580,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4372\/revisions\/6580"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}