{"id":1981,"date":"2013-12-11T19:06:48","date_gmt":"2013-12-11T19:06:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dev.austrinus.com\/?p=1981"},"modified":"2018-07-30T01:56:52","modified_gmt":"2018-07-30T01:56:52","slug":"exoplanetas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/exoplanetas\/","title":{"rendered":"exoplanets"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Exoplanetas\"An exoplanet (also called\u00a0extrasolar planet<\/strong>) is one that orbits around a star other than the Sun, constituting solar systems other than ours. The first of them was discovered in 1995 by Swiss astronomers Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz, orbiting the star 51 Pegasi, which was named 51 Pegasi b. Most exoplanets cannot be observed directly, because the brightness of the star prevents their vision; However, they can be detected due to small influences in relation to the star, and this being the case, currently around 200 exoplanets are already known orbiting other stars; some of these systems even have more than one planet orbiting them.<\/p>\n

Among the exoplanets discovered, the most similar to our planet is the object OGLE-2005-BLG-390L b, discovered in 2005, with 5.5 times the mass of the Earth. Likewise, the first confirmed image of an extrasolar planet was provided by the VLT observatory of Cerro Paranal (Chile), thanks to the fact that it was orbiting a red dwarf star that emits little luminosity. The successive discoveries of exoplanets have meant a revolution in astronomy, and have opened the doors to thinking that some Earth-like planets will soon be discovered, with the possibility of supporting life.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

How is an exoplanet detected?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Radial speed<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"VelocidadIn this method, an attempt is made to detect the small oscillations of a star caused by the gravitational influence of a planet orbiting it; Because these oscillations make the star rotate around a common center of gravity, this can be detected through spectral analysis, measuring changes in the lines of the spectrum as the star moves away (redshift) or closer to us (redshift). to blue). It is the most effective method to discover exoplanets.<\/p>\n

Astrometry\"Astrometr\u00eda\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

The astrometric method, which is related to positional astronomy, consists of recording and measuring the small changes in position that the star undergoes, as an oscillation, due to the gravitational influence of a planet orbiting it. However, such positional variations are tiny and have not been able to be measured accurately, so no results have been obtained with this method, and several "candidates" have been disproved. One famous one was a supposed planet around Barnard's star.<\/p>\n

Transit<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Tr\u00e1nsito\"This system is based on making precise observations of the star's luminosity and recording small variations in its intensity as a planet "transits" it. The transit method is also useful for determining the planet's atmospheric composition. Several exoplanets close to their central star have been discovered using this method.<\/p>\n

Gravitational microlensing<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"MicrolenteThis method has to do with an action produced by both the gravitational influence of the planet and its central star. As long as they are properly aligned, this influence helps create a particular effect by focusing the light of a distant star (as seen through a lens), also aligned with the exoplanet and its star. Its complexity lies in the fact that such tentative exoplanets require a complementary analysis with one of the other methods.<\/p>\n

Disturbance due to dust discs<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Perturbaci\u00f3nThis system is based on the fact that certain young stars have dust disks around them, called circumstellar disks, which are used to detect the presence of exoplanets; this is because, if an irregularity is discovered in the distribution of material in the disk, this would indicate the presence of a body passing through this gaseous zone, and forming a "hole" in it, which is where the exoplanet advances in its orbit. A known case using this method was an exoplanet around the star Fomalhaut, in the constellation Piscis Austrinus.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

An exoplanet (also called an extrasolar planet) is one that orbits a star other than the Sun, constituting solar systems other than our own. The first of them was discovered in 1995 by Swiss astronomers Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz, orbiting the star 51 Pegasi, which was named 51 Pegasi b. The\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3028,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-exoplanetas"],"magazineBlocksPostFeaturedMedia":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/exoplanet-icon-150x150.jpg","medium":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/exoplanet-icon-300x231.jpg","medium_large":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/exoplanet-icon.jpg","large":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/exoplanet-icon.jpg","1536x1536":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/exoplanet-icon.jpg","2048x2048":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/exoplanet-icon.jpg","trp-custom-language-flag":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/exoplanet-icon.jpg"},"magazineBlocksPostAuthor":{"name":"Farid","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/57e8aa07b0d16e13c8408ea413c009fc7da05f4cbb36da0d568b4235b1eaee6b?s=96&r=g"},"magazineBlocksPostCommentsNumber":false,"magazineBlocksPostExcerpt":"Un exoplaneta (tambi\u00e9n llamado\u00a0planeta extrasolar) es aquel que orbita en torno a una estrella distinta al Sol, constituyendo sistemas solares ajenos al nuestro. El primero de ellos fue descubierto en 1995 por los astr\u00f3nomos suizos Michel Mayor y Didier Queloz, orbitando a la estrella 51 Pegasi, al cual se le bautiz\u00f3 51 Pegasi b. 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El primero de ellos fue descubierto en 1995 por los astr\u00f3nomos suizos Michel Mayor y Didier Queloz, orbitando a la estrella 51 Pegasi, al cual se le bautiz\u00f3 51 Pegasi b. 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