{"id":1198,"date":"2014-12-10T17:28:13","date_gmt":"2014-12-10T17:28:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dev.austrinus.com\/?p=1198"},"modified":"2022-11-24T02:03:40","modified_gmt":"2022-11-24T05:03:40","slug":"camaras","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/camaras\/","title":{"rendered":"Cameras"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"ccd-icon\"Cameras most widely used for astronomy: CCDs.<\/strong><\/p>\n

CCD cameras are very sensitive electronic devices that capture light and form an image from it, but at the same time they are very fragile, especially if they must operate in the hostile environment of space.\u00a0CCD<\/strong>\u00a0means "Load Coupled Device<\/em>"a type of photosensitive chip similar to those used in home video cameras.<\/p>\n

Instead of moving images, CCD cameras record\u00a0long exposures<\/em>, where light falls on a series of pixels arranged in a grid on the chip. At the end of the exposure, each pixel reads the voltage associated with the amount of light it has received. These figures are digitized (i.e. converted into binary numbers: zeros and ones) and sent to the computer, which displays the image on the screen.<\/p>\n

Characteristics of CCDs<\/strong><\/p>\n

Most CCD cameras are\u00a0monochrome<\/em>, accompanied by filters (comparatively better system than a color CCD). To create a color image 3 exposures must be taken, one in\u00a0red filter<\/em>, another in\u00a0green<\/em>\u00a0and another in\u00a0blue<\/em>, which are then merged on a PC using an image processor. Modern observatories use extremely sensitive CCD systems (which are also often cooled with liquid nitrogen to prevent noise and artifacts from appearing in the final image). They consist of a\u00a0photosensitive electronic semiconductor plate<\/em>, with hundreds of filaments arranged in a mesh, creating hundreds of tiny photodiodes sensitive to the light collected by the telescope and defining the basic element of the image: the pixel, which when stimulated by light energy, release electrons and produce the image.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1maraCCD cameras are excellent tools that allow not only astrophotography, but also more specific and technical tasks (e.g.\u00a0variable star photometry<\/em>) and is widely used by advanced amateurs. Its main advantage lies in its\u00a0high sensitivity<\/strong>\u00a0and obtaining a\u00a0digital image\u00a0<\/strong>possible to process and manipulate in many ways, greatly improving if our goals include obtaining more "artistic" and attractive images. Of course, apart from the fact that CCDs are usually an expensive accessory (~200 USD), they need to be attached to a telescope and ideally to a laptop to get the most out of them.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"\"SLR cameras for astrophotography<\/strong><\/p>\n

Used since 1849 in telescopes, photography has made it possible to see more distant and faint objects, in the past using a system of photographic plates<\/em>, which slowly gave way to today's modern CCD cameras. While DSLR cameras may seem like a completely separate family from the cameras used by large telescopes, the biggest difference between observatory cameras and SLR cameras is that observatory cameras are larger, much more sensitive and therefore Of course, much more expensive.<\/p>\n

However, as long as there is a system to compensate for the Earth's rotation and a good sensor for long exposures, photography is still fully valid, but this time in the hands of amateurs who perform astrophotography using (generally) DSLR or mirrorless reflex cameras. Just look at the numerous astrophotographic galleries available on the internet, among which you can visit my astrophotographic album<\/a>.<\/p>\n

New advances<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

To do astrophotography you do not necessarily have to have ultra-powerful equipment, since it is all a matter of technique and learning some tricks to improve the quality of the exposures, which you can do by contacting people with experience in astrophotography, but also through trial and error, which In the end it is a more comforting learning.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Special case: webcams<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Logitech Quickcam Pro<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Webcams are a relatively recent device, with video conferencing being their main application. But amateurs have discovered in these devices an astrophotographic accessory, as a variant of a DSLR\/mirrorless camera. A webcam has a sensor that captures luminosity, which is normally CMOS type; This is not as sensitive as a CCD one (which some webcams do come with), but they still achieve acceptable results when attached to a telescope. Being a digital medium, it requires interaction with a computational environment, so if you want to use it during an outdoor observation, in the field, it will be necessary to bring a laptop to control it.<\/p>\n

Features of a webcam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Webcams are usually quite\u00a0small, light and easy to transport<\/em>, facilitating its use in astronomical applications. They are not very expensive and are within the reach of a wide range of astrophotography beginners who want an alternative to DSLR\/mirrorless cameras in a digital environment. The advantage of using a webcam as a digital medium is the option to perform\u00a0later adjustments<\/em>\u00a0via software to enhance the best \u201cmaterial\u201d from a video capture, eliminating that of lower quality to arrive at the final result.<\/p>\n

\"PhilipsThis accessory has interesting advantages as an astrophotography accessory. While any external webcam could be useful, one of the first to build this reputation was the\u00a0TouCam Pro<\/strong>\u00a0of\u00a0Philips<\/em>, by having a sensor\u00a0CCD<\/strong>\u00a0instead of the traditional\u00a0CMOS<\/strong>\u00a0from other webcams, thus capturing more light. Currently there are much more advanced webcams (e.g. Logitech Quickcam Pro, Microsoft LifeCam Studio 1080p HD<\/em>) and models clearly oriented to astrophotography (e.g. SVBONY SV305, Orion StarShoot USB Eyepiece Camera II<\/em>), so it is not necessary to modify them to attach to a telescope.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Most widely used cameras for astronomy: CCDs. CCD cameras are very sensitive electronic devices that capture light and form an image from it, but at the same time they are very fragile, especially if they have to operate in the hostile environment of space. CCD stands for \u201cCharge Coupled Device\u201d, a type of photosensitive chip similar to a conventional CCD.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7011,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-instrumental"],"magazineBlocksPostFeaturedMedia":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-150x150.jpg","medium":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-300x200.jpg","medium_large":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-768x512.jpg","large":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-1024x683.jpg","1536x1536":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg","2048x2048":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg","trp-custom-language-flag":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg"},"magazineBlocksPostAuthor":{"name":"Farid","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/57e8aa07b0d16e13c8408ea413c009fc7da05f4cbb36da0d568b4235b1eaee6b?s=96&r=g"},"magazineBlocksPostCommentsNumber":false,"magazineBlocksPostExcerpt":"C\u00e1maras de uso m\u00e1s extendido para astronom\u00eda: CCDs. Las c\u00e1maras CCD son dispositivos electr\u00f3nicos muy sensibles, que captan luz y forman una imagen a partir de ella, pero al mismo tiempo son muy fr\u00e1giles, sobre todo si deben actuar en el hostil ambiente del espacio.\u00a0CCD\u00a0significa \u00abDispositivo de Carga Acoplada\u00ab, un tipo de chip fotosensible semejante…","magazineBlocksPostCategories":["Instrumental"],"magazineBlocksPostViewCount":1204,"magazineBlocksPostReadTime":5,"magazine_blocks_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg",1200,800,false],"medium":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-150x150.jpg",150,150,true]},"magazine_blocks_author":{"display_name":"Farid","author_link":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/author\/farid\/"},"magazine_blocks_comment":0,"magazine_blocks_author_image":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/57e8aa07b0d16e13c8408ea413c009fc7da05f4cbb36da0d568b4235b1eaee6b?s=96&r=g","magazine_blocks_category":"Instrumental<\/a>","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg",1200,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-768x512.jpg",640,427,true],"large":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera-1024x683.jpg",640,427,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg",1200,800,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg",1200,800,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/austrinus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/ccd-camera.jpg",18,12,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Farid","author_link":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/author\/farid\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"C\u00e1maras de uso m\u00e1s extendido para astronom\u00eda: CCDs. Las c\u00e1maras CCD son dispositivos electr\u00f3nicos muy sensibles, que captan luz y forman una imagen a partir de ella, pero al mismo tiempo son muy fr\u00e1giles, sobre todo si deben actuar en el hostil ambiente del espacio.\u00a0CCD\u00a0significa \u00abDispositivo de Carga Acoplada\u00ab, un tipo de chip fotosensible semejante…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1198"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7018,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1198\/revisions\/7018"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/austrinus.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}